Jack Russell Terrier

The Energetic, Intelligent, and Fearless Little Dynamo

The Jack Russell Terrier is a small dog with a big personality.

Known for their boundless energy, sharp intelligence, and bold nature, they’re natural hunters and enthusiastic companions.

Originally bred for fox hunting in England, Jack Russells are agile, determined, and always on the lookout for adventure.

They thrive in active households where they can have both mental and physical stimulation daily.

Quick Stats

Size: Small (6–8 kg)

Height: 25–30 cm at the shoulder

Lifespan: 13–16 years

Coat: Short, smooth, or rough double coat

Temperament: Energetic, intelligent, bold

Best For: Active owners, rural or suburban homes

Exercise Needs: 1–1.5 hours daily

Care Sheet

Breed Origins

The Jack Russell Terrier dates back to the early 1800s when Reverend John Russell of Devon, England, developed the breed for fox hunting.

He wanted a dog with the stamina to keep up with hounds, the courage to go into a fox’s den, and the agility to work in rugged terrain.

The result was a small, athletic terrier with a fearless spirit.

Appearance & Physical Traits

Jack Russells are compact, muscular, and agile.

Size: 25–30 cm tall, 6–8 kg.
Coat Types: Smooth, broken, or rough double coat.
Colours: Predominantly white with black, tan, or brown markings.
Distinctive Features: Alert expression, V-shaped ears, and a lively, ready-for-action stance.

Temperament & Personality

Jack Russells are energetic, fearless, and highly intelligent.

They are confident and independent but also deeply loyal to their families.

They get along well with children but can be boisterous, so supervision is recommended with younger kids. Their strong prey drive means they may chase cats or small animals unless trained and socialised early.

Training & Socialisation

Jack Russells are quick learners but can be stubborn, so early training is important.

Training Tips:

Keep sessions short and engaging.
Use positive reinforcement with treats, praise, and play.
Provide problem-solving activities to keep their minds sharp.

Without structure and stimulation, they can develop unwanted behaviours like digging, barking, or destructive chewing.

Exercise & Activity Needs

This is a high-energy breed that needs 1–1.5 hours of exercise daily.

Best Activities:

Long walks and runs
Fetch and tug-of-war
Agility and flyball
Scent work and puzzle toys

A bored Jack Russell will find their own entertainment — often in ways you might not appreciate.

Grooming & Maintenance

Jack Russells are low-maintenance when it comes to grooming.

Brushing: Once or twice weekly for smooth coats; more for rough coats.
Bathing: Every 4–6 weeks or as needed.
Other Care:
Regular nail trimming
Weekly ear cleaning
Brushing teeth several times a week

Health & Lifespan

Jack Russells are generally healthy and long-lived, with a lifespan of 13–16 years.

Common health issues include:

Patellar luxation
Deafness (especially in predominantly white dogs)
Eye conditions (lens luxation, cataracts)
Choosing a reputable breeder who health tests can help reduce risks.

Diet & Nutrition

Jack Russells need a balanced diet that supports their energy needs.

Adults: Two meals daily.
Puppies: Three to four smaller meals per day.
Recommended Diet: High-quality kibble or raw diet with adequate protein.
Avoid: Overfeeding — they can gain weight if not exercised enough.

Is a Jack Russell Terrier Right for You?

Best suited for:

Active individuals or families
Owners who can provide training and daily activity
People who enjoy interactive play and dog sports

Not ideal for:

Sedentary households
Owners away from home for long periods
Those wanting a low-energy companion